IUI or Artificial insemination is the deliberate introduction of  motile sperm inside the  uterine cavity. The goal of IUI is to increase the number of sperm that reach the fallopian tubes and subsequently increase the chance of fertilization. The rationale for the use of artificial insemination is to increase gamete density at the site of fertilization. IUI is a very simple process in which the female partner is given medicines for the eggs to develop. Once the eggs are ready the semen sample is washed in the lab to separate the sperm from the seminal fluid. The washed semen sample is then placed inside the uterus with the help of a catheter. This process maximizes the number of sperm  that are placed in the uterus, thus increasing the possibility of conception. It is a less invasive and less expensive option compared to In Vitro Fertilization.