Infertility

Infertility is defined as failure to conceive after 12 months of unprotected intercourse. Approximately 85% of couples may be expected to achieve pregnancy within that interval without medical assistance, another 15% of couples needs help. If the couple is not able to conceive after trying for one year then the couple should visit their doctor. The doctor first carries out a series of test to see where the problem lies. The treatment varies depending on the cause of infertility. It may be ovulation induction coupled with timed intercourse or intrauterine insemination(IUI); IVF with or without ICSI ; surrogacy etc. Sometimes the patient may also require operative interventions like laparoscopy or hysteroscopy if the tests show abnormal findings like blocked fallopian tubes, ovarian cysts, uterine polyps, uterine fibroids, mullerian anomalies etc.

IUI or Artificial insemination is the deliberate introduction of motile sperm inside the uterine cavity. The goal of IUI is to increase the number of sperm that reach the fallopian tubes and subsequently increase the chance of fertilization.

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IUI (Artificial Insemination) is the deposition of sperm in female reproductive tract around the time of ovulation with means other than sexual intercourse.

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In vitro fertilization (IVF) is an assisted reproductive technology in which a female egg is fertilized outside the body in a laboratory with male sperm, typically in a cell culture dish.

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Intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) involves the direct injection of sperm into the eggs obtained by the process of (IVF) in vitro fertilization. This treatment is a specialized form of IVF that is used for the treatment of severe cases of male-factor infertility.

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Percutaneous epididymal sperm aspiration (PESA) and testicular sperm aspiration (TESA) are procedures which are done in cases of extreme male infertility (together with IVF and ICSI).

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Frozen Embryo Transfer (FET) has become a standard procedure in the In-Vitro-Fertilization (IVF) industry these days. A frozen embryo transfer is a type of IVF treatment where the embryos attained by IVF are cryopreserved (frozen) prior to transfer into a woman’s uterus.

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IVF with donor egg is a fertility treatment option for those who are unable to produce healthy eggs for fertilisation for whatever reason. Here the women uses another woman’s eggs (usually a young healthy and fertile donor) which is then fertilized with the male partner’s sperm.

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Pre implantation genetic screening for aneuploidies (PGT – A) is a screening test to check if any genetic or chromosomal abnormality is present in the embryos created through IVF/ICSI before the embryo is transferred.

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